 Most
effective way to prevent pregnancy and STIs
- No sexual intercourse
- May include other forms of
sexual expression
- Option for all youth, including those who have
begun sexual activity
- Requires high motivation, self-control, communication
and social support
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Photo: FDA Consumer
Slide 56
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Complete abstinence is the most effective way to prevent pregnancy
and STIs. It is usually defined as abstaining from penetrative
and oral sex. Abstinence has no ill-effect on the health of
young women or men. A range of sexual expressions are possible
during abstinence, including hugging, holding hands, massage,
body rubbing, kissing, masturbation and mutual masturbation.
Abstinence should be discussed as an option both for young
adults who have not initiated sexual intercourse and for those
who have already begun sexual activity. In discussing abstinence,
providers should help youth gain the skills to cope with peer
and partner pressure. Abstinence requires high motivation and
self-control. Partner communication and cooperation are also
essential. Social support for delaying sexual activity can help
young adults practice abstinence. Nonetheless, abstinence can
be difficult for a sizable proportion of young adults. For this
reason, policy-makers and service providers must ensure that
all youth have information about, and access to, reliable contraceptive
options.
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