Learning to use condoms correctly is not difficult but does involve some specific steps. The checklist below describes the steps a user should take to use the condom with maximum effectiveness.
- Check the condom package to be sure that it is not torn or damaged.
- Check the expiration or manufacturers' date on the package to be sure it is not expired (latex condoms > 5 year old, or > 3 years old if packaged in N-9 should not be used). Do not use a condom that is brittle, dry or has changed color (darkened).
- Open the package carefully with fingers to avoid tearing the condom. Do not use sharp objects such as scissors, teeth or knives.
- To prevent the exchange of sperm or microorganisms between sex partners, there should be no genital contact before a condom is put on.
- Unroll the condom directly onto the erect penis. Be sure to unroll it all the way to the base of the penis.
- Many condoms have a receptacle on the end for semen. If the condom does not have one, some recommend holding the end of the condom while unrolling it onto the penis to create a space for the semen; however, research is needed on what impact this practice has on condom breakage or slippage.
- Starting to unroll the condom wrong side out on the penis and then flipping it over to put it on correctly may contaminate the out side of the condom with pre-ejaculatory fluid containing STD microorganisms. If this happens and it is suspected that contamination has occurred, the condom should be thrown away and replaced with a new one.
- Use only water-based lubricants such as K-Y jelly, spermicidal gels or creams. Oil-based products such as petroleum jelly, hand lotion, or mineral or vegetable oils should never be used because they can weaken latex, making the condom more likely to break. More data are needed to determine if saliva is an appropriate lubricant.
- After ejaculation, withdraw the penis from the vagina while the penis is still erect.
- Hold on to the rim of the condom while removing the penis to help prevent the condom from slipping off and the semen spilling into the vagina.
- After the condom is removed, genital contact should be avoided to prevent transfer of residual sperm or STD microorganisms on the glans or in the urethra.
- To dispose of a condom properly, put it in a trash container or bury it. Condoms should not be flushed down a toilet.
- Use a new condom for each act of intercourse. A condom should never be washed and reused as this can substantially weaken the latex.
by Alan B. Spruyt
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