In 2002, Ethiopia is experiencing a "generalized" HIV epidemic. More than 6.6% of Ethiopia's adult population, about 2.2 million people, is believed to be HIV positive.

To better understand the epidemic, the Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BSS) in Ethiopia Round One was conducted in ten target populations, with a sample size of nearly 27,000.

This baseline survey provides, in many instances for the first time, representative population-based data on the socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral risk of target groups, including adults, youth, and female sex workers.

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