This report comprehensively summarizes the FHI/AIDSCAP program in Zimbabwe (1992-1997). The report includes a country context description, accomplishments, constraints, and outcomes of the program, and a series of lessons learned and recommendations.

Table of Contents

I.Executive Summary

II.Country Program Description

A.Introduction

B.Country Context

C.Accomplishments and Outcomes
  -Page 1
  -Page 2
  -Page 3
  -Page 4

III.Lessons Learned & Recommendations

IV.Subproject Highlights
  -Page A
  -Page B
  -Page C

V.Non-Subproject Highlights

VI. Attachments

A. COUNTRY PROGRAM FINANCIAL SUMMARY

LOP Funding/Estimated Expenditures
USAID Funding	Obligated Funds
Q Contract-USAID/Zimbabwe	4,500,000
Field Support and Project Core Funds	567,937
Total Funding	5,067,937
Expense Detail Summary	Estimated Expenses
I. Subgrants and Program Activities
Bulawayo City Health Services Department	64,266
Commercial Farmers Union	201,521
Connect	833,149
Delta Corporation	10,646
Dexter Enterprises-Baseline KABP of National Railways of Zimbabwe	55,317
Dexter Enterprises-Baseline KABP of Triangle Limited	38,863
Hurukuru Nezve	3,942
National Employment Council for the Transportation Operation Industry	407,461
National Railways of Zimbabwe	151,435
Project Design	41,193
The Meeting Point	8,455
Triangle Limited	137,095
University of Zimbabwe-AIDS Media Training Module	49,896
University of Zimbabwe-Qualitative Behavior Research on Armed Forces	57,867
University of Zimbabwe-Qualitative Behavior Research(CFU)	169,276
Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation	26,497
Total Subgrants and Program Activities	2,256,879
II. Country Program Support*	2,361,920
Total Projected LOP Expense	4,618,799
* Country Program Support consists of country office costs, direct funded program activities (e.g. international conference participation, micro-grants, trainings), technical assistance, program support, evaluation.

B. SUMMARY OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROVIDED

Triangle Ltd.

6 T-shirts

Map of Triangle

Final report

CFU

Final report

NECTOI

2 Posters: Accidents can be prevented; Which route -- AIDS or health

Comic strip: Adventures of a truck driver

T-shirts: Fighting AIDS is everyone's responsibility; One world, one hope

2 Banner: Shared rights -- shared responsibility (for World AIDS Day 1995); Peer education, a cornerstone in AIDS education and prevention ( for Peer Educators Conference 1996)

4 issues of a newsletter -- AIDSNEWS

License disc holder: Warning-avoid casual sex

Bumper stickers: Warning, avoid casual sex

Carrier bags: Fighting AIDS is everyone's responsibility; One world, one hope

STI pamphlets: Avoid casual sex, stick to one partner

Condom pamphlets: In case of emergency

Council brochure

AIDS booklets in English, Shona, Ndebele

AIDS training manual

Certificates

Photographs

Connect

Final report

AFZ

Poster on risk perception

Poster on condom use

3 videos on AIDS

Booklet

Final report

ZNA

T-shirts

Snakes and Ladders game

Booklets

Posters

Workshop proceedings

Final report

WASN

Youth workshop pack

Final report

Delta

Final report

NRZ

T-shirts

Booklets: Reproduced and translated booklets in Strategy for Hope series: Living Positively with AIDS in English, Shona and Ndebele; AIDS Action Now

Penis models

Caps

Certificates

Badges

Banners

Train/car stickers

Satchels

Workshop reports, curricula for training

Payslip messages on AIDS

Final report

University of Zimbabwe (Department of English)

AIDS training module

Final report

University of Zimbabwe (School of Medicine)

KABP reports on ZNA, AFZ, NECTOI, and CFU

Dexter Enterprises

KABP reports on Triangle and NRZ

ZBC

Radio and TV programs

SafAIDS

Literature Review and analysis

The Meeting Point

News columns in two national papers

Annex A: Zimbabwe Country LogFrame

Narrative Summary (NS)	Measurable Indicators (OVI)	Means of Verification (MOV)	Important Assumptions
Goal: Reduce the rate of sexually transmitted HIV in Zimbabwe	1. HIV prevalence maintained at 30% or less during life of project. [PPI 10]	1. HIV sentinel surveillance.	(Goal to supergoal) Sexual intercourse is the primary mode of HIV transmission.
	2. Syphilis prevalence maintained at 2.5% or less during LOP. [PPI 8]	2. Syphilis sentinel surveillance in antenatal women.
Purpose: To reduce high-risk sexual behavior among transport workers, commercial farm workers, uniformed service personnel and commercial sex workers in targeted regions.	1.1) 20% of target population reports condom use in the most recent sexual intercourse of risk (with a non-regular partner) by EOP. [PPI 5]	Project narrative reports of major findings from target population-based surveys complemented by focus group discussions and/or key informant interviews.	(Purpose to goal)
	1.2) 25% decrease in number of people reporting one or more non-regular sexual partners in the last 12 months by EOP. [PPI 4]		Reducing the number of sexual partners and reducing STIs have an impact on HIV transmission.
	1.3) 90% of target population has appropriate perception of risk for HIV infection by EOP.		Condoms are available and accessible to the target population.
	1.4) 90% of target population can identify at least 2 correct preventive strategies by EOP. [PPI 1]		STI diagnosis and treatment services referred by the project are the primary providers of STI care for target populations.
	1.5) 80-90% of target population can name source of STI treatment by EOP.
Outputs:
1. Implement targeted behavior change communication interventions to reduce high-risk behavior in transport workers, commercial farm workers, uniformed service personnel and commercial sex workers.	1.1) Communication materials produced and distributed: 8500 posters, 50,000 pamphlets and 2 videos.	Project process data.	Accurate mobilization of target population to participate in project activities.
	1.2) 9320 people trained in educational activities: 990 in TOTs; 8330 in peer education.	Project narrative reports of major findings from focus group discussions and/or key informant interviews.	Communication activities lead to behavior change.
	1.3) 385 training sessions conducted: 45 TOT sessions; 340 peer education sessions.	Training reports.	Communication strategies will be consistent with social, cultural, and religious norms for various segments of society.
	1.4) 1.8 million members of target populations reached by communication activities: 225,000 USP (120,000 Army; 12,000 Air Force; 48,000 Police; 9000 Prisons; 36,000 Militia); 210,000 transport workers and families; 1.4 million commercial farm workers and families
2. Strengthen capacity of implementing agencies to utilize condom distribution systems in targeted areas of Zimbabwe.	2.1) 100 condoms per person per year (4.4 million) distributed to target populations in Zimbabwe.	Process data/logistic reports/surveys.	MOH will develop condom logistics infrastructure that includes target population.
	2.2) 80% of target populations covered by condom promotion activities by EOP.		Constant and consistent supply of quality condoms is secure.
	2.3) 50% increase in population (aged 15-49) who can acquire a condom. [PPI 3]		Accessibility is major barrier to condom use.
			Pricing structure allows purchase by target population earning > Z$400/month.
3. Increase access to STI prevention and treatment services.	3.1) 80-90% of target population can recognize at least one symptom of STIs.	Target population surveys.	STIPCP (Sexually Transmitted Infection, Prevention and Care Project) in place.
	3.2) 80-90% of target population receive appropriate preventive education, including advice about partner notification and condoms.	Project process data.	Laboratory and technical capabilities sufficient to manage effectively the increased demand on STI diagnosis and treatment services.
	3.3) 80-90% target population aware of availability of STI services.	Project narrative reports of major findings from focus group discussions and/or key informant interviews.	STI service providers will want to work with target populations.
			Target populations are easily identified.
			Socio-cultural norms permit activities focusing resources on target populations.
			Physical, human, and financial resources will be available throughout life of project.
4. Strengthen capacity of implementing agencies to manage effective HIV/AIDS prevention programs.	4.1) Participating institutions receive 14 person months (PM) of direct technical assistance through LOP, i.e. IEC-4PM; Mgmt-3PM; M&E-3PM; Trng-2PM; OD-2PM.	Pre- and post- institutional assessments that include both quantitative and qualitative methodologies.	Institutions with appropriate mission statement/philosophy exist to implement AIDSCAP mandates.
	4.2) Approximately 18 people and 3-6 implementing agencies receive managerial training through LOP.	Consultant trip reports.	Sociopolitical support for capacity building is constant throughout life of project.
	4.3) Three to six institutions establish collaborative relationships with other relevant organizations.	Project reports.
	4.4) Approximately 18 NGO officials included in policy dialogue activities.	Process indicator reports.
		Meeting minutes.

Annex B: References

Dexter Enterprises, Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1997) Report on a Baseline KABP and Qualitative Behavioral Study on HIV/AIDS, Triangle Ltd., Zimbabwe

Dexter Enterprises, Family Health Internal/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1997) Report on a Baseline KABP and Qualitative Behavioral Study on HIV/AIDS, National Railways of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe

Dhlakama D G, Asiimwe-Okiror G, Taban E, Marufu T and Charimari L S (1996) Report on the Proposed Strengthening of the Surveillance of HIV/AIDS/STDs in Africa

Family Health International (1995) Manager's Guide to Workplace HIV/AIDS Policies and Prevention Programs

Family Health International, BCC Experiences from the Field in Zimbabwe (Draft Report May, 1997)

Family Health International (1995) African Workplace Profiles: A Collection of Studies on Business Responses to HIV/AIDS

Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) Sexually Transmitted Diseases Services Delivery in Zimbabwe: Current Situation

Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) A Review of Significant Behavior Change Communication Strategies, Campaigns, Messages, Materials and Training Efforts in Zimbabwe

Family Health International /AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) Status of the Policy Environment for HIV/AIDS Interventions in Zimbabwe

Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) Sexually Transmitted Diseases Services Delivery in Zimbabwe: Current Situation

Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) A Review of Significant Behavior Change Communication Strategies, Campaigns, Messages, Materials and Training Efforts in Zimbabwe

Family Health International /AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) Status of the Policy Environment for HIV/AIDS Interventions in Zimbabwe

Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) A Review of HIV and STI Prevalence in the Nation and In Targeted Groups and Regions, Along with an Assessment of the Methodology of Collecting Blood Samples (The Sentinel Surveillance System)

FHI/AIDSCAP Country Office Zimbabwe (1995) Status of the Policy Environment for HIV/AIDS Interventions in Zimbabwe

Grosskurth, H. et al. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: Randomized controlled trial. The Lancet. 346:530-36. (August 1995)

Government of Zimbabwe/ The Futures Group. Summary of AIDS indicators, November 20, 1996

Intersectoral Committee on AIDS and Employment (1995) National Code of Practice on Employment, Industrial Relations Code, Vol. 1

Latif A S, (April 1995) A Report on a Study to Determine the Aetiology and Pattern of STD Amongst Men and Women Presenting to Health Centres in Harare and to Determine Risk Factors for Cervicitis among Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Women

Mashayamombe S, Machekano R, (1997) Composite of Baseline Data and Analysis: HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior and Practices among Six Communities in Zimbabwe

Mitchell S, Delay P, Weisskopf M, Sikipa G, Naamara W and Davids M (1996) AIDSCAP Programme Review

Mutere A, UZ (1997) The AIDS Media Training Module for the Post Graduate Diploma in Communication and Media Studies, University of Zimbabwe

National AIDS Coordination Programme, Ministry of Health & Child Welfare (1996) HIV, STI and AIDS Surveillance in Zimbabwe, Quarterly Report July-September 1996.

ODA Sexual Health Project (1994) Prevention and Care of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Promotion of Condom Use Leading to Reduced Spread of HIV/AIDS

Peat Marwick Management Consultants, (1995), Assessment of NGOs/PVOs in the Health Care Sector in Zimbabwe (prepared for USAID)

Ray S. And Williams G. (1993) Work Against AIDS, Strategies for Hope No. 8

Republic of Zimbabwe (1994-1998) Second Medium Term Plan (MTP2) for the prevention, control and care of HIV/AIDS/STD

Runganga, A.O. (1995) Perceived effects of Herbs and other Substances Used Vaginally on Sexual Experience .Blair research Institute

Southern Africa AIDS Information Dissemination Service (SafAIDS), (1997) Literature Search and Analysis on HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe

Troparg Consultancy Services,(1997) National Employment Council for the Transport Operating Industries (NECTOI) Programme Impact Study

Troparg Consultancy Services,(1997) Commercial Farmers' Union Programme Impact Study

United States Agency for International Development (1994) AIDSCAP Zimbabwe Delivery Order #12

United States Agency for International Development Zimbabwe SO 3 Management Team (1997) Strategic Objective 3: Reduced Fertility and Increased Use of HIV/AIDS Preventive Measures

University of Zimbabwe, (1996) Report on a Baseline HIV/AIDS KABP Survey and Qualitative Research Carried Out on the Air force of Zimbabwe

University of Zimbabwe, (1995) A Report on the AIDS KABP Baseline Survey Carried out Among the Adult Farm Workers and Youth on the Commercial Farms

University of Zimbabwe, (1995) A Report on the AIDS KABP Baseline Survey Carried out Among the Transport Workers and the Commercial Sex Workers in Zimbabwe

University of Zimbabwe, (1996) Report on a Baseline HIV/AIDS KABP Survey and Qualitative Research Carried Out on the Zimbabwe National Army

University of Zimbabwe, Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) A Report of the Focus Group Discussions on HIV/AIDS Carried Out Among the Adult and Youth In and Out of School on the Commercial Farms in Zimbabwe

University of Zimbabwe, Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) A Report of the Focus Group Discussions Carried out Among Transport Workers and Commercial Sex Workers Along the Three Major Transport Routes in Zimbabwe

Wilson D (1993) prepared for the World Bank, A Review of AIDS Education Activities in Zimbabwe with Recommendations for Future Activities

Wilson D, Benoy H, Foster G, Levine R, Patel D and Siemers (1993) Zimbabwe AIDS

Prevention and Control Project (ZAPAC) Institutional Analysis, Vol 111

Wilson, D. et. al, (1988) Knowledge about AIDS and self-reported sexual behavior among adults in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, Central African Journal of Medicine

The World Bank, Southern Africa Department on Population and Human Resources Operations Division (1993) Staff Appraisal Report on Sexually Transmitted Infections, Prevention and Care Project

United States Agency for International Development (1994) AIDSCAP Zimbabwe Delivery Order #12

Zulu, Ben & Associates, Family Health International/AIDSCAP Zimbabwe (1995) HIV/AIDS Media Reporting: Zimbabwe Study

Acronyms List

 

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