Final Report for the
AIDSCAP Program in Tanzania
October 1991 to September 1997

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

I. Introduction

II. Background and Country Context

III. The Tanzania AIDS Project: An Overview

IV. Mobilizing Communities and Strengthening Capacity: Community- and Institution-Based Interventions

V. Supporting Interventions and Creating an Enabling Environment

VI. Research and Evaluation

VII. Important Lessons Learned From TAP's Experience

VIII. Subproject Highlights

A. NGO Cluster Projects 
B. Other Community- and Workplace-Based Initiatives 
C. Creating an Enabling Environment: Improving Professional Care for Curable STDs and Increasing Access to Condoms 
D. Research and Surveillance

IX. Attachments (See Below)

Glossary of Acronyms

IX. Attachments

Attachment A: List of Participating Organizations in TAP's NGO Cluster Sites

Arusha Cluster
AIKA	AIDS Intervention in Kilimanjaro and Arusha
CHAWAKUA	Chama cha Wanawake cha Kupambana na Ukimwi Arusha, including Arusha, Arumeru, Babati, Mbulu, Monduli branches
CSYM	Christian Spiritual Youth Ministry
DOHOCE	Disabled and Orphans Hope Centre, including Hanang and Babati branches
ELCT	Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania Diocese of Arusha
ENYUATE-MOIPO	Moipo Integrated People Organization of Simanjiro District
KEUL	Kamati ya Elimu ya Ukimwi Levolosi Arusha Municipality
KINNAPA	Kimana, Kibaya, Njoro, Ndaleta, Namelock and Partimbo, "We support each other" in Masai
KIPOC	Krongoro Integrated People's Oriented to Conservation, Ngorongoro District
MFP	Ministry For All People, Mbulu District
NAT	Ngaramtoni AIDS Team, Aumeru District
OIPSP	Olkonerei Integrated Pastoralist Survival Programme, Simanjiro District
OSOTWA	"Good relationship" in Masai
PAG	Pentecostal Assemblies of God, Mbulu District
PIWG	Professional Islamic Women Group Arusha Municipality
SDA	Seventh Day Adventist Arusha Municipality
SWAAT	Society for Women and AIDS in Africa, Tanzania Chapter
SWAAT	Society for Women and AIDS in Africa, Tanzania, Arusha Municipality and Monduli Branch
TAMICO	Tanzania Mines and Construction Workers Union, Arusha Municipality
TTU	Tanzania Teachers Union, Arusha Municipality
TUICO	Tanzania Union of Industries and Commercial Workers, Arusha Municipality
UMATI	Uzazi wa Mpango na Malezi Tanzania (Family Planning Association of Tanzania)
UWAKUMO	Umoja wa Wazazi Kupanbana na UKIMWI Moivaro, Arumeru District
Dar es Salaam Cluster
CCBRT	Comprehensive Community-Based Rehabilitation in Tanzania
EMAU	Elimu ya Malezi ya Ujana
MAF	Medical Aid Foundation
PASADA	Pastoral Activities and Services for AIDS, Dar es Salaam Archdiocese
SHDEPHA+	Services Health and Development for People Living with HIV/AIDS
SWAAT	Society for Women and AIDS in Africa, Tanzania Chapter
WAMATA	Walio Katika Mapambano na AIDS Tanzania
.	Koshika Women's Group
.	Kwetu Counselling Centre
.	Temeke Theatre Group
.	Upendo Counseling Centre
Dodoma Cluster
DCT	Diocese of Central Tanganyika
DEMAT	Dodoma Environmental Management Association Trust
SDA	Seventh Day Adventist
SWAA	Society for Women and AIDS in Africa
TAHEA	Tanzania Home Economic Association
UMATI	Uzazi wa Mpango na Malezi Tanzania (Family Planning Association of Tanzania)
WAZAZI	Tanzania Parents Association
WVI	World Vision of Tanzania
EGAJ	Earth Greenery Activities of Japan
.	Mvumi Community
UWT	Umoja wa Wanawake Tanzania (Women's organization)
Iringa Cluster
In Iringa Rural Districts
BAKWATA	Muslim Association of Tanzania
ELCT	Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania, (DIRA)
UMATI	Uzazi wa Mpango na Malezi Tanzania (Family Planning Association of Tanzania)
UWT	Tanzania Women's Organization
TARENA	Tanzania Registered Nurses Association
VIJANA	Youth Organization (Umoja wa Vijana Tanzania)
.	Ruaha Diocese
.	Scouts
.	Tosamaganga Orphanage Centre
TAHEA	Tanzania Home Economics Association Concern
Concern	(An International NGO)
In Iringa Municipal
BACAWA	Baby care Women Association
ELCT	Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania (DIRA)
TARENA	Tanzania Registered Nurses Association
TSWDF	Tanzania Social Welfare Development Association
VIJANA	Youth Organization (Umoja wa Vigana Tanzania)
.	Red Cross
.	Ruaha Diocese
.	Scouts
In Njombe District
BAKWATA	Muslim Association of Tanzania
SWAAT	Society for Women and AIDS in Africa, Tanzania Chapter
TAHEA	Tanzania Home Economics Association
TARENA	Tanzania Registered Nurses Association
UWT	Tanzania Women's Organization
DSWT	Southern West Tanganyika Diocese
In Ludewa District
ELCT	Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania
RC	Roman Catholic
TARENA	Tanzania Registered Nurses Association
DSWT	Southern West Tanganyika Diocese (Anglican Church)
In Makete District
ELCT	Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania, South Diocese
RC	Roman Catholic
TAHEA	Tanzania Home Economic Association
TARENA	Tanzania Registered Nurses Association
UMATI	Uzazi wa Mpango na Malezi Tanzania (Family Planning Association of Tanzania)
UWT	Tanzania Women's Organization
VIJANA	Youth Organization
CHAMATA	Chama cha Mabwana Afya Tanzania (Tanzania Health Officers Association
In Mufundi District
BAKWATA	Muslim Association of Tanzania
MET	Mufundi Education Trust
TARENA	Tanzania Registered Nurses Association
Kilimanjaro Cluster
In regional and Moshi NGO Clusters
CCC	Kibo Match
CWT-GTU	Chama cha Walimu Tanzania (Teachers Trade Union)
ELCT	Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania, Northern Diocese
KIWAKKUKI	Kikundi cha Wanawake Kilimanjaro Kupambana na Ukimwi (Women Against AIDS in Kilimanjaro)
MKUKI	Mradi wa Kupambana na Ukimwi Kilimanjaro (Kilimanjaro Project Against AIDS)
PTC-CCP	Collaborators Coffee Curing Company
SWAAT	Society for Women and AIDS in Africa, Moshi Chapter
TAHEA	Tanzania Home Economics Association
TALGWU-TFTU	Tanzania Local Government Workers Union
TPAW	Tanzania Plantation and Agricultural Workers Union
TPC Ltd.	Tanganyika Planting Company Limited
TUGHE	Tanzania Union of Government and Health Employees
UMATI	Uzazi wa Mpango na Malezi Tanzania (Family Planning Association of Tanzania)
.	Anglican Church, Mount Kilimanjaro
.	Red Cross International, Kilimanjaro Region
.	Roman Catholic Church, Moshi Diocese
In Hai Cluster
AMREF	African Medical and Research Foundation
BAKWATA	Muslim Association of Tanzania
CSPD	Child Survival Protection and Development
DOW	District Orphans and Widowed Centre
ELCT	Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania, Northern Diocese
KIWAKKUKI	Kikundi cha Wanawake Kilimanjaro Kupambana na Ukimwi (Women Against AIDS in Kilimanjaro)
HAWODEA	Hai Women's Development Association
SWAAT	Society for Women and AIDS in Africa, Tanzania -Hai Chapter
TAHEA	Tanzania Home Economic Association
TPWU	Tanzania Plantation and Agricultural Workers Union
UWT	Tanzania Women's Organization
WVI	World Vision International
.	Ambassador Foundation Health Education Centre
.	Austria Hope 87
.	Roman Catholic Church
Morogoro Cluster
KIUMA
MWAP	Morogoro Women Afforestation Project
OTTU	Organization of Tanzania Trade Unions
UMATI	Family Planning Association of Tanzania
UWT	Umoja wa Wanawake Tanzania
VIJANA	Youth Organization
WAZAZI	Tanzania Parent Association
.	Anglican Diocese of Morogoro
.	Mazimbu Development Group
.	Mji Mpya Development Group
.	Morogoro Boy Scouts
.	Poverty Africa
.	Uluguru Malihai Club
Shinyanga Cluster
ESAO	East Shore AIDS Organization
OTTU	Organization of Tanzania Trade Unions
SHACO	Shinyanga AIDS Control Organization
TAHEA	Tanzania Home Economics Association
UMATI	Uzazi wa Mpango na Malezi Tanzania (Family Planning Association of Tanzania)
UWT	Tanzania Women's Organization
VIJANA	Youth Organization
WAZAZI	Tanzania Parents Association
WVI	World Vision International
YADEC	Youth Development and Advisory Council
AIC	African Inland Church
.	Red Cross of Tanzania
Tabora Cluster
AAC	The Anti-AIDS Club of Tabora
CARITAS	(Catholic Church related NGO)
MARTEA	Makoye Resources and Technologies Agency
UWT	Umoja wa Wanawake Tanzania
VIJANA (T)	Umoja Wa Vijana - Tanzania - (Youth Organization)
VIWAWA	Vijana Wakatoliki Wafanyakazi
WAZIZI	Tanzania Parent Association
.	Ndala Hospital
.	Nkinga Hospital
.	Nzega AIDS Counselling Committee
.	Sikonge Hospital
.	Urambo Anti-AIDS Club
Tanga Cluster
CMBT	Christian Medical Board of Tanzania
OTTU	Organization of Tanzania Trade Unions
RCHB	Roman Catholic Health Board
SWAAT	Society for Women and AIDS in Africa, Tanga Chapter
TAWG	Tanga AIDS Working Group
TWAG	Tanga Women and AIDS Working Group

Attachment B: List of TAP Training Workshops

Training	Target Audience	Number of Participants
Management Training	Iringa cluster NGO leaders and coordinating committee members	40
Cluster Leadership Workshop	Project managers, steering committee members, coordinating NGO leaders, and accountants	41
Project Accounting Workshop	Project accountants	14
Proposal Writing Workshop	Cluster and NGO leaders	29
Syndromic STI Case Management	Clinicians working in cluster project regions	18
Refresher Training in STI Case Management	Clinicians working in cluster project regions	26
Peer Education and Counseling	Members of NGO clusters	63
Home-Based Care and Counseling	Peer educators, counselors, home-based care providers	38
Refresher in Peer Education and Counseling	Peer educators and counselors	65
IEC Materials Development	Peer educators, artists, and health educators	36
Community-Based IEC	Peer educators, artists, community theater groups, and NGO trainers from community and workplace projects	28
Income Generation	Project leaders, NGO members, and TAP technical staff	27
Gender and HIV/AIDS	Project leaders, NGO members, TAP staff	42
Project Finance and Management Training	Projects manager, accountants	36
Development of Counseling and Peer Training Manual	Peer Educators, Counselors, Trainers	29
Training in Peer Education and Reproductive Health	Peer Educators, Community Based Distributors, Counselors	27

Attachment C: List of Print Materials, Radio, TV, and Video and Programs Produced

Materials and Programs		Description			Number produced
Printed Materials
"Straight Talk" or "Sema WaziWazi" Magazine		A four-page quarterly aimed at adolescents containing practical and frank information about safe sexuality, STI/AIDS, and responses to youths' questions			300,000
"Let's Talk" or "Tuzungumze"		A four-page quarterly for adults addressing such topics as communication with partners and children about STI/HIV risk and safe behaviors.			125,000
TAP Newsletter		A quarterly newsletter allowing for continual exchange of experiences and ideas between TAP's NGO cluster projects.			21,800
STI Information Leaflet		Focusing specifically on information related to STIs other than HIV, highlighting common symptoms, the need for prompt professional care and preventive measures.			130,000
The Workplace Manager's Kit		A package of six different intervention program options for worksites intended to guide managers in making decisions about and developing workplace-based AIDS activities.			125
AIDSWATCH Column		A column in local journals that examines in-depth STI/AIDS related issues based on individuals personal experiences. It encourages individuals to write in with their questions and comments.			5
Cartoons		Through engaging and entertaining illustration, these cartoons deliver important information and advice related to STI/AIDS. August 1995 to April 1996, they were inserted in local journals every Tuesday and Thursday.			59
Truck Drivers Poster		Depicts the best gift that a truck driver can give his family: safety from HIV infection.			20,000
School Girl Poster		Reinforces risk reduction by depicting a girl refusing sex.			20,000
"It's Not Easy" Poster (Iringa cluster)		To emphasize asymptomatic infection, this poster shows healthy looking individuals, but one who is infected with HIV.			30,000
"Youth is Sweet" Postcards		A post card targeting youth that promotes correct condom use.			10,000
"No Way" Postcards		This card promotes mutual fidelity as a means of avoiding sexual risk.			10,000
"Be Faithful" Postcards		Aimed at couples, this card also promotes mutual fidelity.			10,000
"Fleet of Hope" Calendar		The message of this calendar is that different individuals have different risk reduction options available to them.			75,000
"TAP Diary"		Aimed at executives and decision makers, this "diary" describes and explains the TAP project's objectives, strategies, and program areas.			1,000
TAP Brochure		Geared toward the general public, this brochure also explains TAP's objectives and program areas.			10,000
Publications List		A leaflet for TAP collaborators and interested parties listing IEC/BCC materials available at TAP's resource center.			1,000
TAP Folders		These packets include TAP's logo for packaging IEC materials and is intended for use by resource center clients.			1,000
"More Time" Promotional Fliers		Fliers advertising and promoting the Swahili version of this film.			5,000
"More Time" Promotional T-shirts		T-shirts promoting the Swahili version of this film.			1,000
Kulikoni Leaflet		Intended for use by TAP partners and other collaborators, this two page leaflet describing innovative strategies for HIV/AIDS communication.			40,000
STI Case Management Workbook		A training guide in syndromic STI case management.			1,000
Electronic Media
Radio Jingles (225 Aired)		A series of PSAs that give basic information on STI/AIDS emphasizing such themes as mother-to-child transmission, abstinence to avoid risk, condom use, mutual fidelity, and cultural norms that may increase risk.			225 of 60 sec. jingles aired
AIDS and the Community Radio Program		A 30 minute program covering various STI/AIDS subjects in depth. These programs are specifically aimed to stimulate dialogue and critical reflection in the general public.			103, aired on Radio Tanzania
The Listeners Choice		Sponsorship of 1 hr 45 min music program in which 6 radios jingles with HIV/AIDS messages are aired.			153 programs aired on Radio One FM
Family Health TV Panel Discussion		A discussion with persons living with AIDS to stress social consequences of AIDS as well as prevention messages.			3, 30 minute programs
Family Health TV Panel Discussion		A discussion with youth focusing on their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS			3, 30 minute programs
Family Health TV Panel Discussion		A discussion with Health Care Providers to encourage referral and better STI/HIV providers.			1, 30 minute program
Family Health TV Panel Discussion		A discussion focusing on issues specific to women and their unique risks associated with STIs and AIDS.			1, 30 minute program
Family Health TV Panel Discussion		One discussion was a documentary of the TAP project.			1, 30 minute program
"More Time" Video		A 90 minute film in Swahili telling the story of a Zimbabwean teenager who is confronted with difficult choices about her sexual debut.			200
"The Silent Epidemic" Video		A short film, produced in Kenya, on sexually transmitted diseases. It covers the most common STIs, their symptoms, and their relation to HIV transmission.			200
"It's Not Easy" Video		This is a dramatic tale of Sierra and her husband Suna who are stunned to learn that their infant son is infected with HIV. Suna has ignored warnings about AIDS and he and his family have thus become infected.			.
'Ndoa ya Mwluko'		This is a tale of an old man who marries a young girl as his third wife. The girl is lured into a sexual relationship with a young man whereby she contracts an STD and in turn infects the husband and the two other wives.			45

Attachment D: Tanzania Process Indicator Table: 1992-May 1997