The report National Estimates of Adult HIV Infections offers detailed estimates of adult HIV infection for the first time in Nepal. The report gathered information about adult HIV cases for Nepal using available data on the four epidemic regions, namely Kathmandu Valley, the highway districts, far-western hill districts and the remaining hill districts.

In these high-risk regions, Kathmandu Valley has the highest epidemic scenarios as HIV among injecting drug users (IDU) and female sex worker (FSW) in the valley are quite high. Similarly, due to the emerging HIV dynamics among labor migrants in the far-western hill districts, this region also has critical conditions.

In total, National Estimates reports about 60,000 adult HIV cases in Nepal for 2003. Of this number, about half the cases are estimated to be contained in the highway districts. About 26% of HIV cases are women. And among the high-risk groups, seasonal labor migrants contribute almost 40% of the HIV cases, followed by the 18% of sex workers, and 14% IDUs. Nearly 15% of HIV cases are found in women from rural areas of Nepal.